Lonitab Minoxidil Tablets

According to the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (AHA), resistant hypertension is characterized by elevated blood pressure levels exceeding the target range, despite the simultaneous utilization of 3 different classes of antihypertensive medications. These classes typically include a combination of a calcium channel blocker, a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blocker (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker), and a diuretic. These drugs are administered at the highest daily doses a patient can tolerate. The FDA approves minoxidil for maintaining blood pressure levels in patients with resistant hypertension.[6] The low adverse-effect profile of low-dose oral minoxidil aids in long-term adherence to treatment and positive clinical response.[8] More studies are needed to test the efficacy of oral and sublingual minoxidil when treating various alopecia to improve patient outcomes and provide an alternative for those with difficulty with topical formulations.[9] 

Minoxidil shortens the telogen phase to prompt the dormant hair follicles for premature transition into the anagen phase. The shortening of the telogen phase might lead to telogen effluvium following minoxidil therapy. Furthermore, minoxidil extends the anagen phase, resulting in increased hair length and thickness, thereby representing the observable outcomes of minoxidil therapy.[10] This potassium channel activity may induce the following effects:

• Stimulation of the microcirculation around the hair follicles induces arteriolar vasodilation, thereby encouraging conditions conducive to hair growth.
• Induction of the vascular endothelial growth factor expression leads to heightened vascularization around the hair follicles, thereby promoting hair growth.
• Activation of the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-1 enzyme leads to the enhancement of hair growth.
• Inhibition of androgen-related effects on androgen-sensitive hair follicles.
• Direct stimulation of the hair follicles as the drug acts as an epidermal growth factor on the matrix cells, slowing their aging process and extending their anagen phase. This process is achieved through the activation of the beta-catenin pathway.
• Display of antifibrotic characteristics due to its impact on collagen synthesis.